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The agricultural sector in Nigeria comprises four sub-sectors: crop production, livestock, forestry, and fishing. Nigeria has a total agricultural area of 70.8 million hectares, [3] of which 34 million hectares are arable land, [7] 6.5 million hectares are used for permanent crops, and 30.3 million hectares are meadows and pastures. [8]
Agricultural sustainability in Northern Nigeria requires flexibility in both ecological management as well as economic activity. [1] The population densities of the rural area in this region climbed from 243 to 348 people per square kilometer between 1962 and 1991, but the land area under permanent cultivation remained approximately the same. [ 1 ]
Agriculture in Rivers State is an important branch of the economy of Rivers State, Nigeria. [1] It is the main source of livelihood for the rural people. Agriculture creates employment, provides income and helps curb out-migration. [2] The industry in the state is overseen by the Rivers State Ministry of Agriculture. [1]
Many biennials require a cold treatment, or vernalization before they will flower. [3] During the next spring or summer, the stem of the biennial plant elongates greatly, or "bolts". [4] The plant then flowers, producing fruits and seeds before it finally dies. There are far fewer biennials than either perennial plants or annual plants. [5]
Along with climate and corresponding types of vegetation, the economy of a nation also influences the level of agricultural production. Production of some products is highly concentrated in a few countries, China, the leading producer of wheat and ramie in 2013, produces 95% of the world's ramie fiber but only 17% of the world's wheat.
A farmer and his cow. The majority of herders in African countries are livestock owners. Livestock farming is a part of Nigeria's agriculture system.In 2017, Nigeria had approximately over 80 million poultry farming, 76 million goats, 43.4 million sheep, 18.4 million cattle, 7.5 million pigs, and 1.4 million of its equivalent. [1]
The crop is produced in 24 of the country's 36 states. In 1999, Nigeria produced 33 million tonnes, while a decade later, it produced approximately 45 million tonnes, which is almost 19% of production in the world. The average yield per hectare is 10.6 tonnes. [1] Manihote sculenta/cassava
The crop was a major foreign exchange earner for Nigeria in the 1950s and 1960s and in 1970 the country was the second largest producer in the world but following investments in the oil sector in the 1970s and 1980s, Nigeria's share of world output declined. In 2010, cocoa production accounted for only 0.3% of agricultural GDP. [1]