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The olive, botanical name Olea europaea, meaning 'European olive', is a species of small tree or shrub in the family Oleaceae, found traditionally in the Mediterranean Basin, with wild subspecies found further afield in Africa and western Asia. When in shrub form, it is known as Olea europaea ' Montra ', dwarf olive, or little olive.
Many foods were originally domesticated in West Africa, including grains like African rice, Pearl Millet, Sorghum, and Fonio; tree crops like Kola nut, used in Coca-Cola, and Oil Palm; and other globally important plant foods such as Watermelon, Tamarind, Okra, Black-eye peas, and Yams. [2]
In 1988, the Israeli botanist Daniel Zohary and the German botanist Maria Hopf formulated their founder crops hypothesis. They proposed that eight plant species were domesticated by early Neolithic farming communities in Southwest Asia (Fertile Crescent) and went on to form the basis of agricultural economies across much of Eurasia, including Southwest Asia, South Asia, Europe, and North ...
SEE ALSO: Meet the happiest animal on Earth. 14-30,000 BC: Dogs. 8500 BC: Sheep and Cats. 8000 BC: Goats. 7000 BC: Pigs and Cattle. 6000 BC: Chickens. Check out these furry animals: 5000 BC ...
Olea oleaster, the wild-olive, has been considered by various botanists a valid species and a subspecies [1] of the cultivated olive tree, Olea europea, which is a tree of multiple origins [2] that was domesticated, it now appears, at various places during the fourth and third millennia BCE, in selections drawn from varying local populations. [3]
Domestication is a gradual process, so there is no precise moment in the history of a given species when it can be considered to have become fully domesticated. Zooarchaeology has identified three classes of animal domesticates: Pets (dogs, cats, ferrets, hamsters, etc.) Livestock (cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, etc.)
Archaeologists have uncovered further evidence of a pre-colonial “garden city” in Bolivia where ancient Amazon people lived largely reliant on maize agriculture and raising muscovy ducks.. The ...
4500-3500 BCE: Earliest clear evidence of olive domestication and olive oil extraction [32] ~4000 BCE: Watermelon, originally domesticated in central Africa, becomes an important crop in northern Africa and southwestern Asia. [33] ~4000 BCE: Agriculture reaches north-eastern Europe. ~4000 BCE: Dairy is documented in the grasslands of the Sahara ...