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The different organizations in the United States Federal Government use different terminology and lettering. Security clearances can be issued by many United States of America government agencies. The checks for clearances and the granting of clearances is carried out by the US Office of Personnel Management. [1] [2]
A United States security clearance is an official determination that an individual may access information classified by the United States Government.Security clearances are hierarchical; each level grants the holder access to information in that level and the levels below it.
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work prepared by an officer or employee of the United States Government as part of that person’s official duties under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the US Code.
Standard Form 86 (SF 86) is a U.S. government questionnaire that individuals complete in order for the government to collect information for "conducting background investigations, reinvestigations, and continuous evaluations of persons under consideration for, or retention of, national security positions."
After the United States entered into World War II, Britain changed its security classifications to match those of the U.S..Previously, classifications had included the top classification "Most Secret", but it soon became apparent that the United States did not fully understand the UK's classifications, and classified information appeared in the U.S.'s press.
A Single Scope Background Investigation (SSBI), now called a Tier 5 (T5) [1] investigation, is a type of United States security clearance investigation. [2] It involves investigators or agents interviewing past employers, coworkers and other individuals associated with the subject of the SSBI.
An L clearance is a security clearance used by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) and Nuclear Regulatory Commission for civilian access relating to nuclear materials and information under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. It is equivalent to a United States Department of Defense (DOD) Secret clearance. [1]
A Q Clearance is equivalent to a U.S. Department of Defense Top Secret clearance. [2] According to the Department of Energy, "Q access authorization corresponds to the background investigation and administrative determination similar to what is completed by other agencies for a Top Secret National Security Information access clearance." [2]