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In catalytic triads, the basic nitrogen of histidine abstracts a proton from serine, threonine, or cysteine to activate it as a nucleophile. In a histidine proton shuttle, histidine is used to quickly shuttle protons. It can do this by abstracting a proton with its basic nitrogen to make a positively charged intermediate and then use another ...
The endothelial protease vasohibin [f] uses a cysteine as the nucleophile, but a serine to coordinate the histidine base. [43] [44] Despite the serine being a poor acid, it is still effective in orienting the histidine in the catalytic triad. [43] Some homologues alternatively have a threonine instead of serine at the acid location. [43]
12349 Ensembl ENSG00000104267 ENSMUSG00000027562 UniProt P00918 P00920 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001293675 NM_000067 NM_009801 NM_001357334 RefSeq (protein) NP_000058 NP_001280604 NP_033931 NP_001344263 Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 85.46 – 85.48 Mb Chr 3: 14.95 – 14.97 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Carbonic anhydrase II (gene name CA2) is one of sixteen forms of human α ...
Imidazole is the side chain of histidine and is typically used at a concentration of 150 - 500 mM for elution. Histidine or histamine can also be used. Decrease in pH; When the pH decreases, the histidine residue is protonated and can no longer coordinate the metal tag, allowing the protein to be eluted.
The proton motive force and ATP production can be maintained by intracellular acidosis. [89] Cytosolic protons that have accumulated with ATP hydrolysis and lactic acidosis can freely diffuse across the mitochondrial outer-membrane and acidify the inter-membrane space, hence directly contributing to the proton motive force and ATP production.
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The outgoing head of Ohio's troubled teachers retirement system said that she is leaving the fund in strong fiscal condition, despite the turmoil at the top that her successor will inherit. In a ...
The nucleophilicity of Ser-195 is enhanced by His-57, which abstracts a proton from Ser-195 and is in turn stabilised by the negatively charged carboxylate group (RCOO −) in Asp-102. Furthermore, the tetrahedral oxyanion intermediate generated in this step is stabilised by hydrogen bonds from Ser-195 and Gly-193.