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Needles in common medical use range from 7 gauge (the largest) to 34 (the smallest). 21-gauge needles are most commonly used for drawing blood for testing purposes, and 16- or 17-gauge needles are most commonly used for blood donation, as the larger luminal cross-sectional area results in lower fluid shear, reducing harm to red blood cells ...
The Western Medical Tradition: 800 BC to AD 1800 (1995); excerpt and text search. Bynum, W.F. et al. The Western Medical Tradition: 1800–2000 (2006) excerpt and text search; Loudon, Irvine, ed. Western Medicine: An Illustrated History (1997) online Archived 26 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine; McGrew, Roderick. Encyclopedia of Medical ...
Through many millennia, various suture materials were used or proposed. Needles were made of bone or metals such as silver, copper, and aluminium bronze wire. Sutures were made of plant materials (flax, hemp and cotton) or animal material (hair, tendons, arteries, muscle strips and nerves, silk, and catgut). [citation needed]
Pravaz, c. 1852 Charles Gabriel Pravaz (24 March 1791 – 24 June 1853) a French orthopedic surgeon, pioneered the hypodermic syringe.. While the concept dated to Galen, [1] the modern syringe is thought [by whom?] to have originated in 15th-century Italy, although it took several centuries for the device to develop.
The first commercial staplers were made of stainless steel with titanium staples loaded into reloadable staple cartridges. Modern surgical staplers are either disposable and made of plastic, or reusable and made of stainless steel. Both types are generally loaded using disposable cartridges. The staple line may be straight, curved or circular.
1897: Surgical masks made of cloth were developed in Europe by physicians Jan Mikulicz-Radecki at the University of Breslau and Paul Berger in Paris, as a result of increasing awareness of germ theory and the importance of antiseptic procedures in medicine. [452] 1898: Hans von Pechmann synthesizes polyethylene, now the most common plastic in ...
1844: Irish physician Francis Rynd invented the hollow needle and used it to make the first recorded subcutaneous injections, specifically a sedative to treat neuralgia. 1853: Charles Pravaz and Alexander Wood independently developed medical syringes with a needle fine enough to pierce the skin. Pravaz's syringe was made of silver and used a ...
Illustration of Rynd's hypodermic needle shown at F of Fig. 1. In a 12 March 1845 article in the Dublin Medical Press, Rynd outlined how he had injected painkillers into a patient with a hypodermic syringe in on 3 June 1844: [6] [7]