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Advanced Placement (AP) Calculus (also known as AP Calc, Calc AB / BC, AB / BC Calc or simply AB / BC) is a set of two distinct Advanced Placement calculus courses and exams offered by the American nonprofit organization College Board. AP Calculus AB covers basic introductions to limits, derivatives, and integrals.
AP Physics C: Mechanics and AP Physics 1 are both introductory college-level courses in mechanics, with the former recognized by more universities. [1] The AP Physics C: Mechanics exam includes a combination of conceptual questions, algebra-based questions, and calculus-based questions, while the AP Physics 1 exam includes only conceptual and algebra-based questions.
Advanced Placement (AP) examinations are exams offered in United States by the College Board and are taken each May by students. The tests are the culmination of year-long Advanced Placement (AP) courses, which are typically offered at the high school level. AP exams (with few exceptions [1]) have a multiple-choice section and a free-response ...
The exam is composed of 2 sections, each with 2 different types of questions. Section I consists of 40 multiple choice questions. 28 do not allow the use of a calculator, while the last 12 do allow a calculator. The non-calculator section is worth 43.75% of the exam score, while the calculator section is worth 18.75%. [5]
Before 2006, test-takers paid only once and were given the choice of taking either one or two parts of the Physics C test. This was changed so that now test-takers have to pay twice to take both parts of the AP Physics C test. As a result of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, the AP examination in 2020 was taken online. The topics of ...
The Abraham–Lorentz force is the recoil force on an accelerating charged particle emitting radiation. This force is proportional to the particle's jerk and to the square of its charge. The Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory is a more advanced theory, applicable in a relativistic and quantum environment, and accounting for self-energy.
There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.
The problem of two fixed centers conserves energy; in other words, the total energy is a constant of motion.The potential energy is given by =where represents the particle's position, and and are the distances between the particle and the centers of force; and are constants that measure the strength of the first and second forces, respectively.