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Split and merge segmentation is an image processing technique used to segment an image.The image is successively split into quadrants based on a homogeneity criterion and similar regions are merged to create the segmented result.
Image segmentation strives to partition a digital image into regions of pixels with similar properties, e.g. homogeneity. [1] The higher-level region representation simplifies image analysis tasks such as counting objects or detecting changes, because region attributes (e.g. average intensity or shape [2]) can be compared more readily than raw pixels.
An image segmentation neural network can process small areas of an image to extract simple features such as edges. [81] Another neural network, or any decision-making mechanism, can then combine these features to label the areas of an image accordingly. A type of network designed this way is the Kohonen map.
A major use of SRM is in image processing where higher number color palettes in an image are converted into lower number palettes by merging the similar colors' palettes together. The merging criteria include allowed color ranges, minimum size of a region, maximum size of a region, allowed number of platelets, etc.
A popular normalized spectral clustering technique is the normalized cuts algorithm or Shi–Malik algorithm introduced by Jianbo Shi and Jitendra Malik, [2] commonly used for image segmentation. It partitions points into two sets ( B 1 , B 2 ) {\displaystyle (B_{1},B_{2})} based on the eigenvector v {\displaystyle v} corresponding to the ...
GrabCut is an image segmentation method based on graph cuts.. Starting with a user-specified bounding box around the object to be segmented, the algorithm estimates the color distribution of the target object and that of the background using a Gaussian mixture model.
The image is modeled as a graph, in which each pixel corresponds to a node which is connected to neighboring pixels by edges, and the edges are weighted to reflect the similarity between the pixels. Therefore, the random walk occurs on the weighted graph (see Doyle and Snell for an introduction to random walks on graphs [ 2 ] ).
One limitation of the Otsu’s method is that it cannot segment weak objects as the method searches for a single threshold to separate an image into two classes, namely, foreground and background, in one shot. Because the Otsu’s method looks to segment an image with one threshold, it tends to bias toward the class with the large variance. [14]