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HCMV antiviral drug resistance can be detected by phenotypic or by genotypic drug resistance testing. Phenotypic resistance testing involves cultivation of the virus in cell culture and testing its susceptibility using different antiviral drug concentrations in order to determine EC50 values.
Cidofovir (CDV) does not require initial phosphorylation for its antiviral action. Further phosphorylation to the triphosphate form of GCV and CDV is performed by cellular kinases. The nucleoside-triphosphate-analogues compete with the cellular nucleotide triphosphates at the viral polymerase pUL54 and are incorporated into the viral DNA.
The most studied is Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which is also known as Human betaherpesvirus 5 (HHV-5). Other primate CMV species include Chimpanzee cytomegalovirus (CCMV) that infects chimpanzees and orangutans , and Simian cytomegalovirus (SCCMV) and Rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) that infect macaques ; CCMV is known as both Panine beta ...
In the past nucleic acid tests have mainly been used as a secondary test to confirm positive serological results. [3] However, as they become cheaper and more automated, they are increasingly becoming the primary tool for diagnostics and can also be use for monitoring of treatment of viral infected individuals t.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, HHV-5) "seems to have a large impact on immune parameters in later life and may contribute to increased morbidity and eventual mortality." [ 5 ] Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) has been described as more neurovirulent, [ 6 ] and as such is more frequently found in patients with neuroinflammatory diseases such as ...
Maribavir, sold under the brand name Livtencity, is an antiviral medication that is used to treat post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV). [8] [9] Maribavir is a cytomegalovirus pUL97 kinase inhibitor that works by preventing the activity of human cytomegalovirus enzyme pUL97, thus blocking virus replication.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis, also known as CMV retinitis, is an inflammation of the retina of the eye that can lead to blindness. [1] Caused by human cytomegalovirus , it occurs predominantly in people whose immune system has been compromised, including 15-40% of those with AIDS.
Cidofovir, brand name Vistide, is a topical or injectable antiviral medication primarily used as a treatment for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (an infection of the retina of the eye) in people with AIDS. [4] [5] Cidofovir was approved for medical use in 1996. [6]