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With 19 possible initial consonants, 21 possible medial (one- or two-letter) vowels, and 28 possible final consonants (of which one corresponds to the case of no final consonant), there are a total of 19 × 21 × 28 = 11,172 theoretically possible "Korean syllable letters" (Korean: 글자; RR: geulja; lit.
Korean consonants have three principal positional allophones: initial, medial (voiced), and final (checked). The initial form is found at the beginning of phonological words. The medial form is found in voiced environments, intervocalically (immediately between vowels), and after a voiced consonant such as n or l.
Korean consonants; IPA Hangul Example English approximation Hangul RR; ... "An analysis and interpretation of Korean vowel systems". Acta Koreana. 16 (1): 23–43.
The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul [a] or Hangeul [b] in South Korea (English: / ˈ h ɑː n ɡ uː l / HAHN-gool; [1] Korean: 한글; Korean pronunciation: [ha(ː)n.ɡɯɭ]) and Chosŏn'gŭl in North Korea (조선글; North Korean pronunciation [tsʰo.sʰɔn.ɡɯɭ]), is the modern writing system for the Korean language.
Hieut (character: ㅎ; Korean: 히읗; RR: hieut) is a consonant letter of the Korean Hangeul alphabet. It has two pronunciation forms, [h] at the beginning of a syllable and [t̚] at the end of a syllable. After vowels or the consonant ㄴ it is semi-silent. [1] [2] [3]
U+1161–U+1175: 21 modern Hangul vowel jamos; U+11A8–U+11C2: 27 modern Hangul trailing consonant jamos; all other jamos (shown in the tables below without the highlighting background) are obsolete; they are not used in modern Korean (some Korean input methods or keyboard layout may not allow entering them).
The current orthography was issued and established by Korean Ministry of Culture in 1998. The first of it is Hunminjungeum (훈민정음). In everyday conversation, 한글 맞춤법 is referred to as 맞춤법. It consists of six chapters, along with an appendix: Chapter 1: 총칙 (General Rule) Chapter 2: 자모 (Consonants and Vowels)
The inscription on a statue of King Sejong, illustrating the original forms of the letters. It reads 세종대왕, Sejong Daewang. Note the dots on the vowels, the geometric symmetry of s and j in the first two syllables, the asymmetrical lip at the top-left of the d in the third, and the distinction between initial and final ieung in the last.