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Potatoes and quinoa were among the many unique crops; Camelids (llamas and alpacas) and guinea pigs were the unique domesticated animals. The Inca civilization [2] was predominantly agricultural. The Incas had to overcome the adversities of the Andean terrain and weather.
The potato was the first domesticated root vegetable in the region of modern-day southern Peru and extreme northwestern Bolivia [1] between 8000 and 5000 BC. [2] Cultivation of potatoes in South America may go back 10,000 years, [ 3 ] but tubers do not preserve well in the archaeological record, making identification difficult.
Inca cuisine originated in pre-Columbian times within the Inca civilization from the 13th to the 16th century. The Inca civilization stretched across many regions on the western coast of South America (specifically Peru ), and so there was a great diversity of unique plants and animals used for food.
Inca animal husbandry refers to how in the pre-Hispanic andes, camelids played a truly important role in the economy. In particular, the llama and alpaca—the only camelids domesticated by Andean people— [1] which were raised in large-scale houses and used for different purposes within the production system of the Incas.
However, domestication did not occur until much later. ... with civilizations including the Inca, the major crop was the potato, domesticated between 8000 and 5000 BC.
The potato was domesticated near lake Titicaca between 8000 and 5000 BC, quinoa some 3000–4000 years ago, and production of copper began in 2000 BC. Llama, alpaca and vicuña were also domesticated and used for transport, food and clothing. The site of Jisk'a Iru Muqu was first investigated by modern researchers in 1994. A necklace consisting ...
The Inca were a mountain-based culture that expanded when the climate became wetter, often sending conquered peoples down from the mountains into fallow but farmable lowlands. In contrast, the Moche were a lowland culture that died out after a strong El Niño , which caused abnormally high rainfall and floods followed by a long drought .
Both the potato and the sweet potato originally hail from the Incan region. Maize was also cultivated in the region since 3000 BCE. A major component of the Incan diet that has recently become popular again is quinoa, another native plant. A traditional meat comes from the Peruvian guinea pig, considered a delicacy.