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Osteomyelitis (OM) is an infection of bone. [1] Symptoms may include pain in a specific bone with overlying redness, fever, and weakness. [1] The feet, spine, and hips are the most commonly involved bones in adults. [2] The cause is usually a bacterial infection, [1] [7] [2] but rarely can be a fungal infection. [8]
The most common microorganism associated with vertebral osteomyelitis is the bacteria staphylococcus aureus. Another strain of staphylococcus aureus , commonly known as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is a particularly harmful microorganism that is more difficult to treat than other related strains.
It is best known as a cause of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis, bacteraemia, and endocarditis, and less frequently lower respiratory tract infections and meningitis. [ 1 ] There are four species of Kingella : K. kingae , the most common, is part of the bacterial flora of the throat in young children and is transmitted from ...
In adults the most common joint affected is the knee. [12] Hip, shoulder, wrist and elbow joints are less commonly affected. [13] Spine, sternoclavicular and sacroiliac joints can also be involved. The most common cause of arthritis in these joints is intravenous drug use. [11] Usually, only one joint is affected.
Osteomyelitis of the jaws is osteomyelitis (which is infection and inflammation of the bone marrow, sometimes abbreviated to OM) which occurs in the bones of the jaws (i.e. maxilla or the mandible). Historically, osteomyelitis of the jaws was a common complication of odontogenic infection (infections of the teeth). Before the antibiotic era, it ...
Infection: this is the most common complication of fractures and predominantly occurs in open fractures. Post-traumatic wound infection is the most common cause of chronic osteomyelitis in patients. Osteomyelitis can also occur following surgical fixation of a fracture. [8] Non-union: no progression of healing within six months of a fracture ...
According to a 2008 study, the incidence of discitis in the United States is around 0.4 to 2.4 per 100,000 people each year depending on age group. [5] According to a later 2016 study, the combined prevalence of discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis with or without spinal epidural abscess for persons under 20 years old is uncommon (0.3 per 100,000 persons), and higher in older patients (6.5 per ...
Common infectious causes of back pain include osteomyelitis, septic discitis, paraspinal abscess and epidural abscess. [19] Infectious causes that lead to back pain involve various structures surrounding the spine. [27] Osteomyelitis is the bacterial infection of the bone. Vertebral osteomyelitis is most commonly caused by staphylococci. [19]