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The Ukrainian War of Independence, also referred to as the Ukrainian–Soviet War in Ukraine, lasted from March 1917 to November 1921 and was part of the wider Russian Civil War. It saw the establishment and development of an independent Ukrainian republic, most of which was absorbed into the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic between 1919 and ...
The Holodomor famine of 1932–1933, a man-made disaster, caused the deaths of 4-5 millions Ukrainians. [15]: §§ 8.1.3 During World War II, Ukraine endured brutal occupations by both Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union.
Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine became an independent state, formalized with a referendum. With the enlargement of the European Union in 2004, Ukraine became an area of overlapping spheres of influence between the European Union and the Russian Federation in the post-Soviet era.
The stated goal of the OUN was the creation of an independent Ukrainian State. In 1940, the OUN suffered a split into two groups - one group supported Andriy Melnyk (this group became known as the OUN-M, or "Melnykivtsi"), while the other group supported Stepan Bandera (this group became known as the OUN-B, or Banderivtsi). The OUN-B was ...
In 2019, the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory, then led by Volodymyr Viatrovych, proposed renaming the Liberation Day into the "Day of Expulsion of the Nazi occupiers", noting that after 28 October 1944 Ukraine did not become an independent nation, but returned under the control of the Soviet Union. However, such proposal was not adopted.
The 13-point agreement obliged Ukraine to offer autonomy to the separatist regions and amnesty for the rebels while Ukraine would regain full control of its border with Russia in the rebel-held ...
The Makhnovshchina (Ukrainian: Махновщина, romanized: Makhnovshchyna [mɐxˈnɔu̯ʃt͡ʃenɐ]) was a mass movement to establish anarchist communism in southern and eastern Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921.
On 22 January 1918, the Tsentralna Rada declared Ukraine an independent country. [14] However, this government did not survive very long because of pressures not only from Denikin's Russian White Guard but also the Red Army , German, and Entente intervention, and local anarchists such as Nestor Makhno and Green Army of Otaman Zeleny .