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A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a shield lying on the ground. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity ) lava , which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more viscous lava erupted from a stratovolcano .
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a typically conical volcano built up by many alternating layers of hardened lava and tephra. [1] Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with a summit crater and explosive eruptions. [2] Some have collapsed summit craters called calderas. [3]
Unlike shield volcanoes, they are characterized by a steep profile and periodic, often alternating, explosive eruptions and effusive eruptions. Some have collapsed craters called calderas . The central core of a stratocone is commonly dominated by a central core of intrusive rocks that range from around 500 meters (1,600 ft) to over several ...
Unlike monogenetic volcanoes, polygenetic volcanoes reach massive sizes, such as Mauna Loa, which is the world's largest active volcano. Polygenetic volcanoes include stratovolcanoes , complex volcanoes , somma volcanoes , shield volcanoes and calderas .
On Earth, volcanoes are mainly of two types: shield volcanoes and composite or stratovolcanoes. The shield volcanoes, for example those in Hawaii, eject magma from the depths of the Earth in zones called hot spots. The lava from these volcanoes is relatively fluid and permits the escape of gases. Composite volcanoes, such as Mount St. Helens ...
Largest volcano in Europe by area, [18] and includes the peaks Plomb du Cantal and Puy Mary. Most recent eruption occurred 2-3 MYA. Puy de Sancy, in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Both the tallest mountain in the Massif Central and volcano in France. [19] Most recent eruption occurred 200 thousand years ago. Monts Dore; Mont Ross; Gallieni Massif
Mount Ararat, Turkey Homa Mountain, Kenya in 1994 An eruption of Pacaya, Guatemala in 1976 Mount Banahaw, Luzon, the Philippines in 1989 Kelimutu, Flores, Indonesia. A complex volcano, also called a compound volcano or a volcanic complex, is a mixed landform consisting of related volcanic centers and their associated lava flows and pyroclastic rock. [1]
Volcanoes known to have Surtseyan activity include: Surtsey, Iceland. The volcano built itself up from depth and emerged above the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Iceland in 1963. Initial hydrovolcanics were highly explosive, but as the volcano grew, rising lava interacted less with water and more with air, until finally Surtseyan activity ...