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The gas flow is isentropic. The gas flow is constant. The gas flow is along a straight line from gas inlet to exhaust gas exit. The gas flow behavior is compressible. There are numerous applications where a steady, uniform, isentropic flow is a good approximation to the flow in conduits.
In fluid dynamics, an isentropic flow is a fluid flow that is both adiabatic and reversible. That is, no heat is added to the flow, and no energy transformations occur due to friction or dissipative effects. For an isentropic flow of a perfect gas, several relations can be derived to define the pressure, density and temperature along a streamline.
Also, the familiar relationship that stagnation pressure is equal to total pressure does not always hold true. (It is always true in isentropic flow, but the presence of shock waves can cause the flow to depart from isentropic.) As a result, pressure coefficients can be greater than one in compressible flow. [4]
Expansion waves are divergent because as the flow expands the value of Mach number increases, thereby decreasing the Mach angle. In an isentropic wave, the speed changes from v to v + dv, with deflection dθ. We have oriented the coordinate system orthogonal to the wave.
A schematic diagram of a shock wave situation with the density , velocity , and temperature indicated for each region.. The Rankine–Hugoniot conditions, also referred to as Rankine–Hugoniot jump conditions or Rankine–Hugoniot relations, describe the relationship between the states on both sides of a shock wave or a combustion wave (deflagration or detonation) in a one-dimensional flow in ...
Point 3 labels the transition from isentropic to Fanno flow. Points 4 and 5 give the pre- and post-shock wave conditions, and point E is the exit from the duct. Figure 4 The H-S diagram is depicted for the conditions of Figure 3. Entropy is constant for isentropic flow, so the conditions at point 1 move down vertically to point 3.
Isothermal flow is a model of compressible fluid flow whereby the flow remains at the same temperature while flowing in a conduit. [1] In the model, heat transferred through the walls of the conduit is offset by frictional heating back into the flow. Although the flow temperature remains constant, a change in stagnation temperature occurs ...
A thermodynamic cycle consists of linked sequences of thermodynamic processes that involve transfer of heat and work into and out of the system, while varying pressure, temperature, and other state variables within the system, and that eventually returns the system to its initial state. [1]