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The Invisible churches taught a different message from white-controlled churches and did not emphasize obedience to slave masters. Some slaves could not contact invisible churches and others did not agree with an invisible church's message but many slaves were comforted by the invisible churches. [1] [2]
Coffin Point Praise House, one of four surviving praise houses on St. Helena Island, South Carolina. A praise house (also prayer house) was a type of vernacular religious architecture, typically built within the plantation complexes of the American South for the use of enslaved people who were legally bound to the property.
Du Bois asserts that the early years of the Black church during slavery on plantations was influenced by Voodooism. [12] For example, an oral account from an African American in the nineteenth century revealed that African Americans identified as Christian but continued to make and carry mojo bags to church and practiced Hoodoo and Voodoo .
In many cases the planter built a church or chapel for the use of the plantation slaves, although they usually recruited a white minister to conduct the services. [27] Some were built to exclusively serve the plantation family, but many more were built to serve the family and others in the area who shared the same faith.
With the rapid growth of black Baptist churches in the South, in 1895 church officials organized a new Baptist association, the National Baptist Convention. This was the unification of three national African American conventions, organized in 1880 and the 1890s. It brought together the areas of mission, education and overall cooperation.
In the South, church leaders and Christians began to defend slavery by using the Bible and church doctrine. [4] This involved making use of biblical, charitable, evangelistic, social, and political rationalizations, such as the fact that Biblical figures owned slaves and the argument that slavery allowed African Americans to become Christians. [13]
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John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, was appalled by slavery in the British colonies.When the Methodist Episcopal Church (MEC) was founded in the United States at the "Christmas Conference" synod meeting of ministers at the Lovely Lane Chapel in Baltimore in December 1784, the denomination officially opposed slavery very early.