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One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. [5] Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood – thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known). [6] [7]
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a blood disorder that results in blood clots forming in small blood vessels throughout the body. [2] This results in a low platelet count, low red blood cells due to their breakdown, and often kidney, heart, and brain dysfunction. [1]
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the condition of having a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) of no known cause . Recurrent thrombosis: Hemophilia: Hemophilia A: Hemophilia B: Hemophilia C: Von Willebrand disease: Antiphospholipid syndrome: Thrombocytopenia: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia: Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
Nevertheless, in the case of an ITP patient already scheduled for surgery who has a dangerously low platelet count and has experienced a poor response to other treatments, IVIg can rapidly increase platelet counts, and can also help reduce the risk of major bleeding by transiently increasing platelet counts.
Patients with low platelet counts, lower than 70,000/μL, will be difficult to diagnose because low platelet counts maybe due to gestational thrombocytopenia or immune thrombocytopenia. [6] In such cases, a treatment of immune thrombocytopenia therapy (corticosteroids, or intravenous immunoglobulin) will be instructed. [ 6 ]
This results in platelet activation and the formation of platelet microparticles, which initiate the formation of blood clots; the platelet count falls as a result, leading to thrombocytopenia. [ 1 ] [ 7 ] In addition, the reticuloendothelial system (mostly the spleen) removes the antibody-coated platelets, further contributing to the ...
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