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The German Continental Deep Drilling Programme (German: Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, lit. 'Continental deep-drilling program of the Federal Republic of Germany'), abbreviated as the KTB borehole, was a scientific drilling project carried out from 1987 to 1995 near Windischeschenbach, Bavaria.
The Kola Superdeep Borehole was a similar project of the USSR in the 1970s and early 1980s the USSR attempted to drill a hole through the crust, to sample the Mohorovičić discontinuity. The deepest hole ever drilled failed not because of lack of money or time, but because of rock physics at depth.
The plan was to reach a maximum depth of 5 km (3.11 mi) before the end of 2016, making it by far the deepest borehole in Iceland. [12] Scientists were hoping to reach a temperature of 500 °C (930 °F), [ 13 ] [ 14 ] which would be the hottest blast of any hole in the world, breaking the former record of the IDDP-1 Krafla borehole.
It is the most common method of reference for locations in the well, and therefore, in oil industry speech, "depth" also refers to the location itself. Strictly, depth is a vertical coordinate related to elevation, albeit in the opposite direction. However, "depth" in a well is not necessarily measured vertically or along a straight line.
Well logging, also known as borehole logging is the practice of making a detailed record (a well log) of the geologic formations penetrated by a borehole.The log may be based either on visual inspection of samples brought to the surface (geological logs) or on physical measurements made by instruments lowered into the hole (geophysical logs).
In the oil industry, a deviation survey, [1] or simply a survey, is the measurement of a borehole's departure from the vertical, expressed in degrees (°).. When a well plan dictates the drilling of a straight borehole, surveys are periodically taken to ensure that it will hit its target and also to ensure that it does not trespass underneath different property lines.
For example, if the tool fails at 1,500 ft (460 m) while drilling with a triple rig (able to trip 3 joints of pipe, or about 90 ft (30 m) feet, at a time), then it would generally be faster to pull the tool out of the hole than it would be to rig up wireline and retrieve the tool, especially if the wireline unit must be transported to the rig.
The current record holders manage wells over 10 km (6.2 mi) away from the surface location at a true vertical depth (TVD) of only 1,600–2,600 m (5,200–8,500 ft). [4] This form of drilling can also reduce the environmental cost and scarring of the landscape. Previously, long lengths of landscape had to be removed from the surface.
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