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  2. Mock object - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mock_object

    Mock objects have the same interface as the real objects they mimic, allowing a client object to remain unaware of whether it is using a real object or a mock object. Many available mock object frameworks allow the programmer to specify which methods will be invoked on a mock object, in what order, what parameters will be passed to them, and what values will be returned.

  3. Duck typing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_typing

    Duck typing is similar to, but distinct from, structural typing.Structural typing is a static typing system that determines type compatibility and equivalence by a type's structure, whereas duck typing is dynamic and determines type compatibility by only that part of a type's structure that is accessed during runtime.

  4. Test-driven development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test-driven_development

    This is in contrast with the usual practice, where unit tests are only written after code. 2. Write a test for an item on the list Write an automated test that would pass if the variant in the new behavior is met. 3. Run all tests. The new test should fail – for expected reasons This shows that new code is actually needed for the desired feature.

  5. The Computer Language Benchmarks Game - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Computer_Language...

    The project is continuously evolving. The list of supported programming languages is updated approximately once per year, following market trends. Users can also submit improved solutions to any of the problems or suggest testing methodology refinement. [9]

  6. List of model checking tools - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_model_checking_tools

    Starlark: Starlark is a dialect of Python created by Google for Bazel. Model checkers like FizzBee uses Starlark/Python as the modeling language. TLA+: General-purpose specification language based on the Temporal Logic of Actions, originally used for distributed and concurrent systems. The language for the specifications and their properties is ...

  7. It teaches fundamental principles of computer programming, including recursion, abstraction, modularity, and programming language design and implementation. MIT Press published the first edition in 1984, and the second edition in 1996. It was formerly used as the textbook for MIT's introductory course in computer science.

  8. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    Since 7 October 2024, Python 3.13 is the latest stable release, and it and, for few more months, 3.12 are the only releases with active support including for bug fixes (as opposed to just for security) and Python 3.9, [55] is the oldest supported version of Python (albeit in the 'security support' phase), due to Python 3.8 reaching end-of-life.

  9. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    A snippet of Python code with keywords highlighted in bold yellow font. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java. However, there are some ...