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Crisis of Marxism, also referred to as the crisis in Marxism, was a term first employed in the 1890s after the unexpected revival of global capitalist expansion became evident after the Long Depression that occurred in Europe from 1873 to 1896, which eventually precipitated a crisis in Marxist theory.
Withering away of the state is a Marxist concept coined by Friedrich Engels referring to the idea that, with the realization of socialism, the state will eventually become obsolete and cease to exist as society will be able to govern itself without the state and its coercive enforcement of the law.
Many notable academics such as Karl Popper, David Prychitko, Robert C. Allen, and Francis Fukuyama argue that many of Marx's predictions have failed. [90] [91] [92] Marx predicted that wages would tend to depreciate and that capitalist economies would suffer worsening economic crises leading to the ultimate overthrow of the capitalist system ...
Karl Marx criticized liberalism as not democratic enough and found the unequal social situation of the workers during the Industrial Revolution undermined the democratic agency of citizens. [13] Marxists differ in their positions towards democracy. [14] [15] controversy over Marx's legacy today turns largely on its ambiguous relation to democracy
Karl Marx's three volume Capital: A Critique of Political Economy is widely regarded as one of the greatest written critiques of capitalism. [citation needed]Criticism of capitalism typically ranges from expressing disagreement with particular aspects or outcomes of capitalism to rejecting the principles of the capitalist system in its entirety. [1]
Later historians have proposed different explanations for this decline, including arguments that Marxist-Leninist governments failed to live up to the ideal of a communist society, that there was a general trend towards increasing authoritarianism, that they suffered from excessive bureaucracy, and that they had inefficiencies in their economies.
Balomenos, Christos [2024] Did Engels’ editing of Capital, Volume 3 distort Marx's analysis of the ‘tendency of the rate of profit to fall’? in Capital & Class 1–21 2024; Bell, Peter and Cleaver, Harry [1982] Marx's Theory of Crisis as a Theory of Class Struggle first published in 'Research in Political Economy', Vol 5(5): 189–261, 1982
While noting "its brutalities and failures", Milne argues that "rapid industrialisation, mass education, job security and huge advances in social and gender equality" are not accounted and the dominant account of communist party rule "gives no sense of how communist regimes renewed themselves after 1956 or why western leaders feared they might ...