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The pelvis is, in general, different between the human female and male skeleton. [12] [13] Although variations exist and there may be a degree of overlap between typically male or female traits, [12] [13] the pelvis is the most dimorphic bone of the human skeleton and is therefore likely to be accurate when using it to ascertain a person's sex ...
X-ray of the hips of a 40-year-old female, with dysplasia of her right hip. In the adult hip there are important landmarks to be recognized on plain film radiographs: [ 3 ] The iliopectineal or iliopubic line is formed by the arcuate line of the ilium and the superior border of the superior pubic ramus up to the pubic symphysis.
The same human pelvis, front imaged by X-ray (top), magnetic resonance imaging (middle), and 3-dimensional computed tomography (bottom). The pelvis (pl.: pelves or pelvises) is the lower part of an anatomical trunk, [1] between the abdomen and the thighs (sometimes also called pelvic region), together with its embedded skeleton [2] (sometimes also called bony pelvis or pelvic skeleton).
Pelvimetry is the measurement of the female pelvis. [1] It can theoretically identify cephalo-pelvic disproportion, which is when the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to negotiate the birth canal. However, clinical evidence indicate that all pregnant women should be allowed a trial of labor regardless of pelvimetry results.
In the absence of a Y chromosome, the fetus will undergo female development. This is because of the presence of the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome, also known as the SRY gene. [5] Thus, male mammals typically have an X and a Y chromosome (XY), while female mammals typically have two X chromosomes (XX).
The Phenice method is a technique of determining the sex of a human skeleton from the innominate pelvis. In the procedure, sex is determined based on three features: the ventral arc, the subpubic concavity, and the medial aspect of the ischio-pubic ramus. As a non-metric absolute method, it relies on the recognition of discrete male and female ...
In accordance with the overall sex dimorphism of the pelvis, [citation needed] the obturator foramina are oval in the male, and wider and rather triangular in the female. [1] Unilateral pelvic hypoplasia can cause differences in size between the obturator foramina. Rarely, the obturator foramen may be doubled on one side.
A subpubic angle of 50–82 degrees indicates a male; an angle of 90 degrees indicates a female. [2] Other sources operate with 50–60 degrees for males and 70–90 degrees in females. [1] Women have wider hips, and thus a greater subpubic angle, in order to allow for child birth.