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Syndromic surveillance is the analysis of medical data to detect or anticipate disease outbreaks.According to a CDC definition, "the term 'syndromic surveillance' applies to surveillance using health-related data that precede diagnosis and signal a sufficient probability of a case or an outbreak to warrant further public health response.
Disease surveillance is an epidemiological practice by which the spread of disease is monitored in order to establish patterns of progression. The main role of disease surveillance is to predict, observe, and minimize the harm caused by outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic situations, as well as increase knowledge about which factors contribute to such circumstances.
A sentinel surveillance system is used to obtain data about a particular disease that cannot be obtained through a passive system such as summarizing standard public health reports. Data collected in a well-designed sentinel system can be used to signal trends, identify outbreaks and monitor disease burden, providing a rapid, economical ...
In particular, public health surveillance programs can: [49] serve as an early warning system for impending public health emergencies; document the impact of an intervention, or track progress towards specified goals; and; monitor and clarify the epidemiology of health problems, allow priorities to be set, and inform health policy and strategies.
Public health informatics can also delve into people with/without health insurance and the rates at which they go to the doctor. [13] Before the advent of the internet, public health data in the United States, like other healthcare and business data, were collected on paper forms and stored centrally at the relevant public health agency.
Use of surveillance data for research is being improved through Web-based access to the data and analytic tools, and linking with other national data sources. For example, a web-based tool for public health officials and policy makers, State Cancer Profiles, [ 5 ] provides a user-friendly interface for finding cancer statistics for specific ...
Typical core functions of NPHIs include surveillance for diseases and injuries, as well as risk factors; epidemiologic investigations of health problems; public health research; and response to public health emergencies. [2]
Tracking population migration is particularly important for understanding of HDSS data. [4] In developing countries, there is commonly a lack of health and demographic information at the community or population level. [5] For instance, cause of death may be unknown for deaths occurring outside of health facilities. [1]