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Although there is a wide range of normal ages, females typically begin the process of puberty around age 10½; males at ages 11½—12. Puberty generally ends between 15—17 for females and 16–17 for males. [1] [2] [3] Females attain reproductive maturity about four years after the first physical changes of puberty appear. [13]
During puberty, boys’ bodies grow rapidly, and they need the right fuel to keep up. A healthy diet, regular exercise, good hydration and sleep can make a big difference in their overall energy ...
Anatomical changes during puberty include enlargement of the larynx for both sexes. However, the larynx descends and grows significantly larger in males which often results in a visible laryngeal prominence on the neck (Adam's apple). [9] Additionally, male vocal folds become longer and thicker and resonant cavities become larger. [9]
Another set of significant physical changes during puberty happen in bodily distribution of fat and muscle. This process is different for females and males. Before puberty, there are nearly no sex differences in fat and muscle distribution; during puberty, boys grow muscle much faster than girls, although both sexes experience rapid muscle ...
Pleasure comes from finding acceptance and love from the opposite sex. The fourth is the latency stage, which occurs from age five until puberty. During the latency stage, the child's sexual interests are repressed. Stage five is the genital stage, which takes place from puberty until adulthood. During the genital stage, puberty begins to occur ...
The increased secretion of testosterone from the testes during puberty causes the male secondary sexual characteristics to be manifested. [23] Testosterone directly increases size and mass of muscles, vocal cords, and bones, deepening of the voice, and changing the shape of the face and skeleton. [1]
The activation of the HPG axis in both males and females during puberty also causes individuals to acquire secondary sex characteristics. This process, known as gonadarche, is preceded by adrenarche, the maturation of the adrenal glands, which contributes to the production of androgens responsible for some pubertal changes. [19]
[1] [4] [5] Unlike the physical changes that occur during puberty, adrenarche is primarily an emotional and psychological stage of development. [6] It continues throughout puberty, with adrenal androgen levels progressively increasing until reaching maximal levels in young adulthood, around the age of 20 years.