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When complete, the list below will include all food plants native to the Americas (genera marked with a dagger † are endemic), regardless of when or where they were first used as a food source. For a list of food plants and other crops which were only introduced to Old World cultures as a result of the Columbian Exchange touched off by the ...
New Mexico chile or New Mexican chile (Scientific name: Capsicum annuum 'New Mexico Group'; Spanish: chile de Nuevo México, [3] chile del norte) [4] is a cultivar group [5] of the chile pepper from the US state of New Mexico, first grown by Pueblo and Hispano communities throughout Santa Fe de Nuevo México. [6]
They were among the first self-pollinating crops cultivated in those areas. [6] [2] Peru has the highest diversity of cultivated Capsicum; it is a center of diversification where varieties of all five domesticates were introduced, grown, and consumed in pre-Columbian times. [7] The largest diversity of wild Capsicum peppers is consumed in Bolivia.
Peppers, the raw material in paprika production, originated from North America, where they grow in the wild in Mexico and have for centuries been cultivated by the peoples of Mexico and Central America. The peppers were later introduced to the Old World, to Spain in the 16th century, as part of the Columbian exchange. [11] [12]
Extremely hot pepper, was once the Guinness World Records holder for hottest pepper. Developed by Ed Currie: Datil [18] 100,000–300,000 SHU: A very hot chili; primarily grown in Florida Fatalii: 125,000–325,000 SHU: 6 cm (2.4 in) Grown in central and southern Africa, it is very similar in appearance to and often confused with the devil's ...
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Chiles were also added at times to cacao, when it was in a beverage form. In Mesoamerica, chiles were used for ritual purposes and therefore, the chile crops did not extend into North and South America like maize, beans, and squash. A cuisine distinct to Mesoamerica was a maize-and-chile pepper based food.
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