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An animation of the figure-8 solution to the three-body problem over a single period T ≃ 6.3259 [13] 20 examples of periodic solutions to the three-body problem. In the 1970s, Michel Hénon and Roger A. Broucke each found a set of solutions that form part of the same family of solutions: the Broucke–Hénon–Hadjidemetriou family. In this ...
The problem of two fixed centers conserves energy; in other words, the total energy is a constant of motion.The potential energy is given by =where represents the particle's position, and and are the distances between the particle and the centers of force; and are constants that measure the strength of the first and second forces, respectively.
In some usages, Mathieu function refers to solutions of the Mathieu differential equation for arbitrary values of and .When no confusion can arise, other authors use the term to refer specifically to - or -periodic solutions, which exist only for special values of and . [5]
A periodic motion is a closed curve in phase space. That is, for some period, ′ = (,), = (). The textbook example of a periodic motion is the undamped pendulum.. If the phase space is periodic in one or more coordinates, say () = (+), with a vector [clarification needed], then there is a second kind of periodic motions defined by
The problem is also important because some more complicated problems in classical physics (such as the two-body problem with forces along the line connecting the two bodies) can be reduced to a central-force problem. Finally, the solution to the central-force problem often makes a good initial approximation of the true motion, as in calculating ...
The original problem is in the whole space , which needs extra conditions on the growth behavior of the initial condition and the solutions. In order to rule out the problems at infinity, the Navier–Stokes equations can be set in a periodic framework, which implies that they are no longer working on the whole space but in the 3-dimensional ...
In 1772, Lagrange discovered two classes of periodic solution, each for three bodies of any masses. In one class, the bodies lie on a rotating straight line. In the other class, the bodies lie at the vertices of a rotating equilateral triangle. In either case, the paths of the bodies will be conic sections.
This is considered one of the simplest unsteady problems that has an exact solution for the Navier–Stokes equations. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In turbulent flow, this is still named a Stokes boundary layer, but now one has to rely on experiments , numerical simulations or approximate methods in order to obtain useful information on the flow.