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Examples of green-beard behavior have been found in hydrozoans, slime molds, yeast, and ants. An example is in side-blotch lizards, where blue-throated males preferentially establish territories next to each other. Results show that neighboring blue-throats are more successful at mate guarding.
Especially for the social sciences, this model helps to provide an integrative, foundational model for interdisciplinary collaboration, teaching and research (see The Four Central Questions of Biological Research Using Ethology as an Example – PDF).
Many IRMS can be explained by the theory of evolution—if an adaptive behavior helps a species survive long enough to reproduce, such as a cat hissing to discourage an attack from another creature, then the genes that coded for those brain circuits are more likely to be passed on. [11] A heavily studied example of a fixed action pattern is the ...
Outrage is a strong moral emotion characterized by a combination of surprise, disgust, [1] and anger, [2] usually in reaction to a grave personal offense. [3] It comes from old French "ultrage", which in turn borrows from classical Latin "ultra", meaning "beyond".
Moral emotions include disgust, shame, pride, anger, guilt, compassion, and gratitude, [5] and help to provide people with the power and energy to do good and avoid doing bad. [4] Moral emotions are linked to a person's conscience - these are the emotions that make up a conscience and promote learning the difference between right and wrong ...
The spiritual descent of Lucifer into Satan, one of the most famous examples of hubris. In the Septuagint, the "hubris is overweening pride, superciliousness or arrogance, often resulting in fatal retribution or nemesis". The word hubris as used in the New Testament parallels the Hebrew word pesha, meaning "transgression". It represents a pride ...
The concept of "reciprocal altruism", as introduced by Trivers, suggests that altruism, defined as an act of helping another individual while incurring some cost for this act, could have evolved since it might be beneficial to incur this cost if there is a chance of being in a reverse situation where the individual who was helped before may perform an altruistic act towards the individual who ...
The expression collective behavior was first used by Franklin Henry Giddings [1] and employed later by Robert Park and Ernest Burgess, [2] Herbert Blumer, [3] Ralph H. Turner and Lewis Killian, [4] and Neil Smelser [5] to refer to social processes and events which do not reflect existing social structure (laws, conventions, and institutions), but which emerge in a "spontaneous" way.