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Arabia united under Muhammad (7th century CE) according to traditional accounts Islamic studies do not reveal a specific Islamic religious identity and political attitude with sharp boundaries for early period; [15] The Rāshidūn caliphs used Sasanian symbols (Star and crescent, Fire temple, depictions of the last emperor Khosrow II) by adding the Arabic bismillāh on their coins. [16]
Martin Kramer was one of the first experts to start using the term political Islam in 1980. In 2003, he stated that political Islam can also be seen as tautology because nowhere in the Muslim world is a religion separated from politics. [5] [6] Some experts use terms like Islamism, pointing out the same set of occurrences or they confuse both ...
John Adair FRS (1660–1718) was a Scottish surveyor and cartographer, noted for the excellence of his maps. [1]He first came to public notice in 1683, with a prospectus published in Edinburgh for a "Scottish Atlas" stating that the Privy Council of Scotland had engaged Adair, a "mathematician and skilfull (sic) mechanic", to survey the shires of Scotland.
A surveyor general is an official responsible for government surveying in a specific country or territory. Historically, this would often have been a military ...
Mohammad Natsir (17 July 1908 – 6 February 1993) [1] was an Islamic scholar and politician. He was Indonesia's fifth prime minister.. After moving to Bandung from his hometown Solok, West Sumatra for senior high school, Natsir studied Islamic doctrine extensively.
Charles Morris (8 June 1711 – buried 4 November 1781) army officer, served on the Nova Scotia Council, Chief Justice of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court (1776–1778) and, the surveyor general for over 32 years, he created some of the first British maps of Canada's maritime region and designed the layout of Halifax, Lunenburg, Lawrencetown, and ...
Islam Yes, Islamic Party No was a slogan coined by Indonesian Muslim scholar Nurcholish Madjid in his speech at Taman Ismail Marzuki (TIM) in Jakarta, in 1970. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The slogan soon became a catchphrase in Indonesia that helped fight the notion that voting against Islamic parties was sinful for Muslims .
Fakih Usman was born on 2 March 1904, in Gresik, East Java, in what was then the Dutch East Indies.His father, Usman Iskandar, was a wood merchant, and his mother, a housewife, was the daughter of an ulama (scholar of Islam). [1]