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The Catholic ban on ancestral rituals was lifted in 1939, when Pope Pius XII formally recognized ancestral rites as a civil practice (see also Chinese Rites controversy). [2] Many Korean Christians, particularly Protestants , no longer practice this rite and avoid it both locally and overseas .
Jerye is a courtesy term covering the holding of many ancestral rites, and is a statement of etiquette concerning ancestor worship. Among the various kinds of Jerye are Gije , Seeje , and Myoje . Jerye ( 祭禮 ) is an act of expressing sincerity by offering sacrifices of food to the spirit, the soul of the dead, and to demons, including the god.
During the 19th century, the Catholic Church was targeted by the government of the Joseon dynasty chiefly for the religion's opposition to ancestral "worship", which the Church perceived to be a form of idolatry, but which the state prescribed as a cornerstone of Korean culture.
After the ban on traditional civil rites was lifted by Pope Pius XII in 1939, [75] many Korean Catholics openly observe jesa (ancestral rites); the Korean tradition is very different from the institutional religious ancestral worship that is found in China and Japan and can be easily integrated as ancillary to Catholicism. Protestants, by ...
Catholics ignore filial deeds by referring to parents as physical parents, calling the spirits of ancestors the devil, and rejecting ancestral rites as demonic events. It is an unchangeable principle that if there is yin and yang, there must be a couple.
A number of dishes have been developed. These can be divided into ceremonial foods and ritual foods. Ceremonial foods are used when a child reaches 100 days, at the first birthday, at a wedding ceremony, and the sixtieth birthday. Ritual foods are used at funerals, at ancestral rites, shaman's offerings and as temple food.
Gut (Korean: 굿, also romanised kut or goot) are the rites performed by Korean shamans, involving offerings and sacrifices to gods, spirits and ancestors. [1] They are characterised by rhythmic movements, songs, oracles and prayers. [2] These rites are meant to create welfare, promoting commitment between the spirits and humankind. [1]
Ancestors who may be venerated in musok rituals are broader than the purely patrilineal figures venerated in formal Korean ancestor veneration rites, the Jesa. [106] These broader ancestors may for instance include those from a woman's natal family, women who have married out of the family, or family members who have died without offspring. [106]