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Normal histology of the breast during lactation. A woman's breasts change during pregnancy to prepare them for breastfeeding a baby. Normal changes include: Tenderness of the nipple or breast; An increase in breast size over the course of the pregnancy; Changes in the color or size of the nipples and areola
Lactation describes the secretion of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young. The process naturally occurs with all sexually mature female mammals , although it may predate mammals. [ 1 ]
Preparation of mammary glands for lactation [ edit ] Estrogens and progesterone promote mammary epithelial cell proliferation resulting in the formation of the primary and secondary ductal structure.
Induced lactation, also called adoptive lactation, is the process of starting breastfeeding in a woman who did not give birth. [178] This usually requires the adoptive mother to take hormones and other drugs to stimulate breast development and promote milk production.
The onset of lactation (OL), also referred to as stage II lactogenesis or secretory activation, [1] [4] is one of the three stages of the milk production process. [1] OL is the stage when plentiful production of milk is initiated following the delivery of a full-term infant.
A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in humans and other mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring.Mammals get their name from the Latin word mamma, "breast".The mammary glands are arranged in organs such as the breasts in primates (for example, humans and chimpanzees), the udder in ruminants (for example, cows, goats, sheep, and deer), and the dugs of other animals (for example, dogs ...
An infant receiving breastfeeding. [1]Establishment of breastfeeding refers to the initiation of providing breast milk of mother to baby.According to the World Health Organization(WHO), [2] breastfeeding is the best way to provide nourishment, including essential nutrients, energy and antibodies, to infants and toddlers.
Male lactation can occur; the production or administration of the hormone prolactin is necessary to induce lactation (see male lactation). Actual inability to produce enough milk is rare, with studies showing that mothers from malnourished regions still produce amounts of milk of similar quality to that of mothers in developed countries. [36]