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A draft horse (US) or draught horse (UK), also known as dray horse, carthorse, work horse or heavy horse, is a large horse bred to be a working animal hauling freight and doing heavy agricultural tasks such as plowing. There are a number of breeds, with varying characteristics, but all share common traits of strength, patience, and a docile ...
The horses have been used throughout history as war horses, both as cavalry mounts and to draw artillery, and are used today mainly for heavy draft and farm work, meat production and competitive driving events. They have also been used to influence or create several other horse breeds throughout Europe and Asia.
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In the Sevastopol Zoo (May 2011). The Soviet Heavy Draft is a Russian breed of heavy draft horse. [4] It derives from the Belgian Brabant heavy draft breed. It was developed in the former Soviet Union for agricultural draft work, and was recognized as a breed in 1952.
At its height, the organization was the largest draft horse association in the world, in the early 20th century registering over 10,000 horses annually. [ 12 ] [ 19 ] In the late 19th century, Percherons also began to be exported from the United States to Great Britain, where they were used to pull horse-drawn buses in large cities.
Recent research undertaken at the Museum of London, using literary, pictorial and archeological sources, suggests war horses (including destriers) averaged from 14 to 15 hands (56 to 60 inches, 142 to 152 cm), and differed from a riding horse in their strength, musculature and training, rather than in their size. [8]
The Russian Heavy Draft is a small powerful horse of heavy cob conformation, with lively gaits.The legs are short in comparison to the length of the body, and have little or no feathering; [6]: 277 cannon-bone circumference is approximately 22 cm. [5]: 323 Perhaps as a result of the Orlov Trotter influence, the head is not heavy.
References to the Irish Draught date back as far as the 18th century. [1] It is believed that the breed was developed when the then-common Irish Hobby was successively bred with 12th-century Anglo-Norman war horses; Iberian horses from 16th-century Spanish Armada shipwrecks; Clydesdale and Thoroughbred stallions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; and local Connemara ponies. [2]