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Antigen presentation stimulates T cells to become either "cytotoxic" CD8+ cells or "helper" CD4+ cells.. A cytotoxic T cell (also known as T C, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8 + T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens such as viruses or bacteria, or ...
In the draining lymph nodes, tumor-specific dendritic cells trigger the differentiation of Th1 cells which in turn facilitates the development of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells also known as killer T-cells. In the final phase, tumor-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells home to the tumor site and the cytotoxic T lymphocytes then destroy the antigen-bearing ...
Cytotoxic T cells (T C cells, CTLs, T-killer cells, killer T cells) destroy virus-infected cells and tumor cells, and are also implicated in transplant rejection. These cells are defined by the expression of the CD8 protein on their cell surface. Cytotoxic T cells recognize their targets by binding to short peptides (8-11 amino acids in length ...
CTLs are able to eliminate most cells in the body since most nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules. The CTL-mediated immune system can be divided into two phases. In the first phase, functional effector CTLs are generated from naive T c cells through activation and differentiation. In the second phase, affector CTLs destroy target cells ...
Degranulation is a cellular process that releases antimicrobial, cytotoxic, or other molecules from secretory vesicles called granules found inside some cells. It is used by several different cells involved in the immune system, including granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells).
Type 1 immunity consists of these cells: [5] CD4+ T H 1 cells; CD8 + cytotoxic T cells (T c 1) T-Bet + interferon gamma producing group 1 ILCs(ILC1 and Natural killer cells) CD4 + T H 1 Cells. It has been found in both mice and humans that the signature cytokines for these cells are interferon gamma and lymphotoxin alpha.
T cells play an important role in this hypersensitivity, as they activate against the stimulus itself and promote the activation of other cells; particularly macrophages via T h 1 cytokines. Other cellular hypersensitivities include cytotoxic T cell mediated auto-immune disease, and a similar phenomenon; transplant rejection. Helper T cells are ...
Lymphotoxin has cytotoxic properties that can aid in the destruction of tumor cells and promote the death of cancerous cells. The activation of LT-β receptors causes an up-regulation of adhesion molecules and directs B and T cells to specific sites to destroy tumor cells. [ 11 ]