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The Indian Appropriations Act is the name of several acts passed by the United States Congress.A considerable number of acts were passed under the same name throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, but the most notable landmark acts consist of the Appropriation Bill for Indian Affairs of 1851 [1] and the 1871 Indian Appropriations Act.
In 1871, Grant signed another Indian Appropriations Act that ended the governmental policy of treating tribes as independent sovereign nations. Natives would be treated as individuals or wards of the state and Indian policies would be legislated by Congressional statutes. [31]
Treaty of Washington 1871 from Archive.org; Indian Appropriations Act 1871. An Act making Appropriations for the current and contingent Expenses of the Indian Department, and for fulfilling Treaty Stipulations with Various Indian Tribes, for the Year ending June 30, eighteen hundred and seventy-two, and for other Purposes March 3, 1871
Indian Appropriations Act of 1871 [ edit ] In 1871 Congress added a rider to the Indian Appropriations Act to end the United States' recognizing additional Indian tribes or nations, and prohibiting additional treaties.
In 1871, Congress decided that the United States would no longer deal with Indian tribes through a formal treaty-making process, providing that "[n]o Indian nation or tribe within the territory of the United States shall be acknowledged or recognized as an independent nation . . .". [12] [13] [14]
Bernie Whitebear , American Indian activist, a co-founder of the Seattle Indian Health Board (SIHB), the United Indians of All Tribes Foundation, and the Daybreak Star Cultural Center. Robert A. Williams Jr. , an American lawyer who is a notable author and legal scholar in the field of Federal Indian Law, International Law and Indigenous ...
Jackson wrote A Century of Dishonor in an attempt to change government ideas/policy toward Native Americans at a time when effects of the 1871 Indian Appropriations Act (making the entire Native American population wards of the nation) had begun to draw the attention of the public.
On March 2, 1889, Congress passed an amendment to the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871, which provided for the creation of homestead settlements in the unassigned lands, to be known as Oklahoma Territory. President Benjamin Harrison announced that the Oklahoma lands would be opened on April 22 via land run. [6]