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The MAS Electronic Payment System, or MEPS in short, is an SGD-only online interbank payment and fund transfer system in Singapore. [1] It went online in July 1998, and is owned and operated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). The irrevocable transfer of funds and the real-time nature of transfers are some of the key features of MEPS.
The transactional net margin method (TNMM) in transfer pricing compares the net profit margin of a taxpayer arising from a non-arm's length transaction with the net profit margins realized by arm's length parties from similar transactions; and examines the net profit margin relative to an appropriate base such as costs, sales or assets.
The United States led the development of detailed, comprehensive transfer pricing guidelines with a White Paper in 1988 and proposals in 1990–1992, which ultimately became regulations in 1994. [33] In 1995, the OECD issued its transfer pricing guidelines which it expanded in 1996 and 2010. [34]
Singapore was the first city in the world to implement an electronic road toll collection system for purposes of congestion pricing. [6] Its use has inspired other cities around the world in adopting a similar system, particularly London 's Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) , Stockholm 's congestion tax , [ 7 ] and New York City 's Central Business ...
NETS operates Singapore's national debit scheme enabling customers of DBS Bank, POSB, HSBC, Maybank, OCBC Bank, Standard Chartered Bank, CIMB and UOB to make payments using their physical/contactless ATM cards or mobile devices at more than 120,000 acceptance points in Singapore including major retailers, food courts, hawker centres, convenience stores and supermarkets.
The Fund Transfer Pricing (FTP) measures the contribution by each source of funding to the overall profitability in a financial institution. [1] Funds that go toward lending products are charged to asset-generating businesses whereas funds generated by deposit and other funding products are credited to liability-generating businesses.
In 2015, the G20 supported the transfer pricing recommendations, which aims to guide governments on how profits of multinational companies should be divided among individual countries. Furthermore, the G20 is involved in developing a global tax framework.
A 2016 study found that more people used public transportation due to the implementation of congestion pricing in Singapore. [25] A 2016 study found that real estate prices dropped by 19% within the cordoned-off areas of Singapore where congestion pricing was in place relative to the areas outside of the area. [26]