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The crust formed on the lid was ground to powder and boiled with water to remove the calomel. Calx – calcium oxide ; was also used to refer to other metal oxides. Chalcanthum – the residue produced by strongly roasting blue vitriol (copper sulfate); it is composed mostly of cupric oxide .
Once removed from the oven, the workpieces are often quickly cooled off in a process known as quench hardening. Typical methods of quench hardening materials involve media such as air, water, oil, or salt. Salt is used as a medium for quenching usually in the form of brine (salt water). Brine provides faster cooling rates than water.
To hold food, including food that is ready to be served A round, open topped container, capable of holding liquid. Materials used to make bowls vary considerably, and include wood, glass and ceramic materials. Bread knife: To cut bread A serrated blade made of metal, and long enough to slice across a large loaf of bread. Using a sawing motion ...
Fluxes containing halides and mineral acids are highly corrosive and require thorough removal. Some fluxes, especially those based on borax used for brazing, form very hard glass-like coatings that are difficult to remove. Cleanability – the difficulty of removal of flux and its residues after the soldering operation. Fluxes with higher ...
Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water requires less soap for the same cleaning effort, as soap is not wasted bonding with calcium ions. Soft water also extends the lifetime of plumbing by reducing or eliminating scale build-up in pipes
Limescale build-up inside a pipe reduces both liquid flow and thermal conduction from the pipe, so will reduce thermal efficiency when used as a heat exchanger.. A descaling agent or chemical descaler is a liquid chemical substance used to remove limescale from metal surfaces in contact with hot water, such as in boilers, water heaters, and kettles.
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See also References Further reading External links A acidulate To use an acid (such as that found in citrus juice, vinegar, or wine) to prevent browning, alter flavour, or make an item safe for canning. al dente To cook food (typically pasta) to the point where it is tender but not mushy. amandine A culinary term indicating a garnish of almonds. A dish served amandine is usually cooked with ...