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2. Logarithm - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm

   Semilog (log–linear) graphs use the logarithmic scale concept for visualization: one axis, typically the vertical one, is scaled logarithmically. For example, the chart at the right compresses the steep increase from 1 million to 1 trillion to the same space (on the vertical axis) as the increase from 1 to 1 million.

3. Log–log plot - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log–log_plot

   A log–log plot of y = x (blue), y = x 2 (green), and y = x 3 (red). Note the logarithmic scale markings on each of the axes, and that the log x and log y axes (where the logarithms are 0) are where x and y themselves are 1. Comparison of linear, concave, and convex functions when plotted using a linear scale (left) or a log scale (right).

4. Logarithmic scale - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic_scale

   A logarithmic unit is a unit that can be used to express a quantity (physical or mathematical) on a logarithmic scale, that is, as being proportional to the value of a logarithm function applied to the ratio of the quantity and a reference quantity of the same type. The choice of unit generally indicates the type of quantity and the base of the ...

5. Logit - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logit

   If p is a probability, then p/(1 − p) is the corresponding odds; the logit of the probability is the logarithm of the odds, i.e.: ⁡ = ⁡ = ⁡ ⁡ = ⁡ = ⁡ (). The base of the logarithm function used is of little importance in the present article, as long as it is greater than 1, but the natural logarithm with base e is the one most often used.

6. Natural logarithm - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_logarithm

   For example, ln 7.5 is 2.0149..., because e 2.0149... = 7.5. The natural logarithm of e itself, ln e, is 1, because e 1 = e, while the natural logarithm of 1 is 0, since e 0 = 1. The natural logarithm can be defined for any positive real number a as the area under the curve y = 1/x from 1 to a [4] (with the area being negative when 0 < a < 1 ...

7. Log-normal distribution - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-normal_distribution

   A log-normal process is the statistical realization of the multiplicative product of many independent random variables, each of which is positive. This is justified by considering the central limit theorem in the log domain (sometimes called Gibrat's law).

8. Lambert W function - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert_W_function

   The product logarithm Lambert W function plotted in the complex plane from −2 − 2i to 2 + 2i The graph of y = W(x) for real x < 6 and y > −4. The upper branch (blue) with y ≥ −1 is the graph of the function W 0 (principal branch), the lower branch (magenta) with y ≤ −1 is the graph of the function W −1. The minimum value of x is ...

9. List of logarithmic identities - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logarithmic_identities

   Logarithms can be used to make calculations easier. For example, two numbers can be multiplied just by using a logarithm table and adding. These are often known as logarithmic properties, which are documented in the table below. [2] The first three operations below assume that x = b c and/or y = b d, so that log b (x) = c and log b (y) = d.