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The Clapper is a sound-activated electrical switch, [1] sold since 1984 by San Francisco, California based Joseph Enterprises, Inc. Joseph Pedott marketed the clapper with the slogan "Clap On! Clap Off! The Clapper!". [2] The Clapper plugs into a U.S.-type electrical outlet, and allows control of up to two devices plugged into the Clapper. [3]
The Clapper, whose slogan is "Clap On! Clap Off!", was first sold to the public on September 1, 1985. A trademark was filed on the brand name "Clapper" with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on July 9, 1986. [4] A design patent was applied for on November 13, 1985, which was issued as D299127 on December 27, 1988. [5]
In 1923, Clapper was transferred to Washington, D.C., to report on politics there. Six years later, he was made the manager of UP's Washington operation. [9] Clapper's success resulted to a large extent from "his objective writing style and his ability to explain the politics and policies of Washington for the average reader."
Japanese engineer Jun-ichi Nishizawa invented the avalanche photodiode [20] 1953: First fully transistorized computer in the U.S. 1958: American engineer Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit (IC). 1960: American engineer Theodore Maiman develops the first laser: 1962: Nick Holonyak invented the LED. 1963: First home Videocassette recorder ...
Vibrating "hammer" interrupters were invented by Johann Philipp Wagner (1839) and Christian Ernst Neeff (1847), and was developed into a buzzer by Froment (1847). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] John Mirand around 1850 added a clapper and gong to make the standard electric bell [ 5 ] [ 6 ] for use as a telegraph sounder .
The clapper on an English handbell is on a hinge and moves back and forth in a single direction, unlike a school bell in which the clapper swings freely in any direction. It also has a spring that holds the clapper away from the casting after the strike to allow the bell to ring freely.
[29] [30] The clapper or tongue is manufactured in a similar process as the bell. Special care is given to cast the clapper at the proper weight, as a clapper that is too light will not bring out the true tones of the bell and a heavy clapper might cause the bell to crack. [15]
The bell will eventually stop when the dry piles have distributed their charges equally if the clapper does not wear out first. [5] [6] The Bell has produced approximately 10 billion rings since 1840 and holds the Guinness World Record as "the world's most durable battery [delivering] ceaseless tintinnabulation". [2]