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So, in the presence of light, synthesis of food is called 'photosynthesis'. Noncyclic photophosphorylation through light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis at the thylakoid membrane. In the process of photosynthesis, the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP using the energy of sunlight is called photophosphorylation. Cyclic ...
Within aerobic respiration, the P/O ratio continues to be debated; however, current figures place it at 2.5 ATP per 1/2(O 2) reduced to water, though some claim the ratio is 3. [5] This figure arises from accepting that 10 H + are transported out of the matrix per 2 e −, and 4 H + are required to move inward to synthesize a molecule of ATP. [6]
Glycogen is a long-term store of glucose produced by the cells of the liver. In the liver , the synthesis of glycogen is directly correlated with blood glucose concentration. High blood glucose concentration causes an increase in intracellular levels of glucose 6-phosphate in the liver, skeletal muscle , and fat ( adipose ) tissue.
The adenylate energy charge is an index used to measure the energy status of biological cells.. ATP or Mg-ATP is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in the cell : it is used for biosynthetic pathways, maintenance of transmembrane gradients, movement, cell division, etc...
This requires the input of one ATP. [citation needed] Thus, of six G3P produced, five are used to make three RuBP (5C) molecules (totaling 15 carbons), with only one G3P available for subsequent conversion to hexose. This requires nine ATP molecules and six NADPH molecules per three CO 2 molecules. The equation of the overall Calvin cycle is ...
One ATP is invested in Step 1, and another ATP is invested in Step 3. Steps 1 and 3 of glycolysis are referred to as "Priming Steps". In Phase 2, two equivalents of g3p are converted to two pyruvates. In Step 7, two ATP are produced. Also, in Step 10, two further equivalents of ATP are produced. In Steps 7 and 10, ATP is generated from ADP.
In cyclic photophosphorylation, cytochrome b 6 f uses electrons and energy from PSI to create more ATP and to stop the production of NADPH. Cyclic phosphorylation is important to create ATP and maintain NADPH in the right proportion for the light-independent reactions. The net-reaction of all light-dependent reactions in oxygenic photosynthesis ...
The ATP generated in this process is made by substrate-level phosphorylation, which does not require oxygen. Fermentation is less efficient at using the energy from glucose: only 2 ATP are produced per glucose, compared to the 38 ATP per glucose nominally produced by aerobic respiration. Glycolytic ATP, however, is produced more quickly.