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The earliest known creed in Christianity, "Jesus is Lord", originated in the writings of Paul the Apostle. [2] One of the most significant and widely used Christian creeds is the Nicene Creed, first formulated in AD 325 at the First Council of Nicaea [3] to affirm the deity of Christ and revised at the First Council of Constantinople in AD 381 to affirm the trinity as a whole. [4]
Filioque (literally "and [from] the Son" [16] ) is a Latin term added to the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (commonly known as the Nicene Creed), which is absent in the original Greek version. The Latin term Filioque is translated into the English clause "and the Son" in that creed: I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,
The Old Roman Symbol or Old Roman Creed (c. 215) The Creed of Cyprian of Carthage (250) The Deir Balyzeh Papyrus (200–350) The Arian Creeds and Creeds of Euzoius (320/327) The Creed of Alexander of Alexandria (321–324) The First Synod of Antioch (325) The original Nicene Creed, first adopted at the First Council of Nicaea in 325.
The majority of the bishops at the council ultimately agreed upon a creed, known thereafter as the Nicene Creed formulated at the first council of Nicaea. It included the word homoousios , meaning "consubstantial", or "same in essence [ 17 ] [ 18 ] ", which was incompatible with Arius' beliefs. [ 19 ]
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state. A state with an official religion (also known as confessional state ), while not a secular state , is not necessarily a theocracy .
The Apostles' Creed (Latin: Symbolum Apostolorum or Symbolum Apostolicum), sometimes titled the Apostolic Creed or the Symbol of the Apostles, is a Christian creed or "symbol of faith". The creed most likely originated in 5th-century Gaul as a development of the Old Roman Symbol : the old Latin creed of the 4th century.
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, professing that Jesus was raised from the dead and is the Son of God, [7] [8] [9] [note 2] whose coming as the Messiah was prophesied in the Hebrew Bible (called the Old Testament in Christianity) and chronicled in the New Testament.
ʿAqīdah is an Islamic term meaning "creed" or "belief". [5] Any religious belief system, or creed, can be considered an example of ʿaqīdah. This term has taken a significant technical usage in Muslim history and theology, denoting those matters over which Muslims hold conviction. The term is usually translated as "theology".