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PPCS is caused by an electrocautery-induced injury to the wall of the colon that occurs during removal of colon polyps. [3] PPCS occurs when the electric current extends beyond the mucosa, entering the muscularis propria and serosa, resulting in a full thickness (transmural) burn injury. [ 1 ]
Polyps are either pedunculated (attached to the intestinal wall by a stalk) or sessile (grow directly from the wall). [5] [6]: 1342 In addition to the gross appearance categorization, they are further divided by their histologic appearance as tubular adenoma which are tubular glands, villous adenoma which are long finger like projections on the surface, and tubulovillous adenoma which has ...
The serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is a relatively rare condition characterized by multiple and/or large serrated polyps of the colon. Serrated polyps include SSLs, hyperplastic polyps, and traditional serrated adenomas. Diagnosis of this disease is made by the fulfillment of any of the World Health Organization's (WHO) clinical criteria. [4]
Serrated polyposis syndrome often does not cause symptoms. The risk of colon cancer is between 25 and 40%. [8] Sessile serrated polyps, as seen during endoscopy or colonoscopy, are flat (rather than raised) and are easily overlooked. Serrated lesions range in size from small (<5 mm) to large, and often have a "mucous cap" overlying the polyp.
Residual mucosal islands between ulcerated and denuded areas of mucosa may have a polypoid appearance and are referred to as pseudopolyps. [4] Polyposis syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis , could give rise to a similar appearance on imaging , although the clinical presentation would differ from that of inflammatory pseudopolyposis.
While colon polyps are not commonly associated with symptoms, occasionally they may cause rectal bleeding, and on rare occasions pain, diarrhea or constipation. [9] They are a concern because of the potential for colon cancer being present microscopically, and the risk of benign colon polyps becoming malignant over time. [ 10 ]
The colorectal adenoma is a benign glandular tumor of the colon and the rectum. It is a precursor lesion of the colorectal adenocarcinoma ( colon cancer ). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They often manifest as colorectal polyps .
Juvenile polyps are a type of polyp found in the colon. While juvenile polyps are typically found in children, they may be found in people of any age. Juvenile polyps are a type of hamartomatous polyps, which consist of a disorganized mass of tissue. They occur in about two percent of children. [2]