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In logic and mathematics, necessity and sufficiency are terms used to describe a conditional or implicational relationship between two statements. For example, in the conditional statement : "If P then Q ", Q is necessary for P , because the truth of Q is guaranteed by the truth of P .
This distinction begins to reveal the ordinary English meaning of the word "contingency," in which the truth of one thing depends on the truth of another. On the one hand, the mathematical idea that a sum of two and two is four is always possible and always true, which makes it necessary and therefore not contingent. This mathematical truth ...
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Meaning and Necessity: A Study in Semantics and Modal Logic (1947; enlarged edition 1956) is a book about semantics and modal logic by the philosopher Rudolf Carnap.The book, in which Carnap discusses the nature of linguistic expressions, was a continuation of his previous work in semantics in Introduction to Semantics (1942) and Formalization of Logic (1943).
Necessitarianism is a metaphysical principle that denies all mere possibility; there is exactly one way for the world to be.. It is the strongest member of a family of principles, including hard determinism, each of which deny libertarian free will, reasoning that human actions are predetermined by external or internal antecedents.
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A need is dissatisfaction at a point of time and in a given context. Needs are distinguished from wants.In the case of a need, a deficiency causes a clear adverse outcome: a dysfunction or death.
Necessity., a poem by Letitia Elizabeth Landon being part of Three Extracts from the Diary of a Week, 1837. "Necessary" (song), by Every Little Thing, 1998; A bathroom or toilet, in some languages (in English this is an archaic usage) An economic need enunciated by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his 1944 Second Bill of Rights