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Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (i.e., cSLE), also termed juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus, and pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus, is a form of the chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (i.e., SLE), that develops in individuals up to 18 years old. [1]
Discoid lupus erythematosus is the most common type of chronic cutaneous lupus (CCLE), an autoimmune skin condition on the lupus erythematosus spectrum of illnesses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It presents with red, painful, inflamed and coin-shaped patches of skin with a scaly and crusty appearance, most often on the scalp, cheeks, and ears.
Neonatal lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease in an infant born to a mother with anti-Ro/SSA and with or without anti-La/SSB antibodies. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The disease most commonly presents with a rash resembling subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus and can have systemic abnormalities such as complete heart block or hepatosplenomegaly . [ 3 ]
The modern period, beginning in 1920, saw major developments in research into the cause and treatment of discoid and systemic lupus. Research conducted in the 1920s and 1930s led to the first detailed pathologic descriptions of lupus and demonstrated how the disease affected the kidney, heart, and lung tissue. [ 165 ]
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE ) is a clinically distinct subset of cases of lupus erythematosus that is most often present in white women aged 15 to 40, consisting of skin lesions that are scaly and evolve as poly-cyclic annular lesions or plaques similar to those of plaque psoriasis.
Lupus erythematosus is a collection of autoimmune diseases in which the human immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks healthy tissues. [1] Symptoms of these diseases can affect many different body systems, including joints, skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, and lungs. The most common and most severe form is systemic lupus erythematosus.
In cases of discoid lupus erythematosus, the skin surface may exhibit scaling, atrophy, follicular plugging, telangiectasias, depigmentation, or ulceration. Erythema is a common clinical feature in the overlying skin. [6] The clinical course of lupus erythematosus panniculitis lesions is chronic and relapsing.
Patients with the syndrome have lupus erythematosus (discoid or systemic), annular lesions of the skin like erythema multiforme associated with a characteristic pattern of immunological abnormalities. It is uncommon but occurs worldwide. [1] Rowell's syndrome has been reported to occur with all subtypes of LE (systemic, acute, subacute or ...