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  2. Epistemic possibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemic_possibility

    Epistemic possibility is often contrasted with subjunctive possibility (or alethic possibility), and although epistemic and subjunctive possibilities are often expressed using the same modal terms (such as possibly, could be, must be) or similar modal terms that are sometimes confused (such as may be and might be), statements that are qualified ...

  3. Epistemic modality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemic_modality

    Epistemic modality is a sub-type of linguistic modality that encompasses knowledge, belief, or credence in a proposition. Epistemic modality is exemplified by the English modals may, might, must. However, it occurs cross-linguistically, encoded in a wide variety of lexical items and grammatical structures.

  4. Epistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemology

    Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called theory of knowledge, it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.

  5. Modal logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modal_logic

    Logical possibility is a form of alethic possibility; (4) makes a claim about whether it is possible (i.e., logically speaking) that a mathematical truth to have been false, but (3) only makes a claim about whether it is possible, for all Jones knows, (i.e., speaking of certitude) that the mathematical claim is specifically either true or false ...

  6. Epistemic modal logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemic_modal_logic

    Epistemic modal logic is a subfield of modal logic that is concerned with reasoning about knowledge.While epistemology has a long philosophical tradition dating back to Ancient Greece, epistemic logic is a much more recent development with applications in many fields, including philosophy, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, economics, and linguistics.

  7. Possibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possibility

    Possibility may refer to: Probability, the measure of the likelihood that an event will occur; Epistemic possibility, a topic in philosophy and modal logic; Possibility theory, a mathematical theory for dealing with certain types of uncertainty and is an alternative to probability theory

  8. S5 (modal logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S5_(modal_logic)

    Under multimodal logic, e.g., "X is possibly (in epistemic modality, per one's data) necessary (in alethic modality)," it no longer follows that X being necessary in at least one epistemically possible world means it is necessary in all epistemically possible worlds. This aligns with the intuition that proposing a certain necessary entity does ...

  9. Modality (semantics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modality_(semantics)

    For instance, an expression like "might" is said to have epistemic flavor, since it discusses possibilities compatible with some body of knowledge. An expression like "obligatory" is said to have deontic flavor , since it discusses possibilities which are required given the laws or norms obeyed in reality.