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Vision therapy (VT), or behavioral optometry, is an umbrella term for alternative medicine treatments using eye exercises, based around the pseudoscientific claim that vision problems are the true underlying cause of learning difficulties, particularly in children. [1]
The Bates method is an ineffective and potentially dangerous alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.Eye-care physician William Horatio Bates (1860–1931) held the erroneous belief that the extraocular muscles caused changes in focus and that "mental strain" caused abnormal action of these muscles; hence he believed that relieving such "strain" would cure defective vision.
Low myopia usually describes myopia between −0.50 and −3.00 diopters. [65] Moderate myopia usually describes myopia between −3.00 and −6.00 diopters. [65] Those with moderate amounts of myopia are more likely to have pigment dispersion syndrome or pigmentary glaucoma. [84] High myopia usually describes myopia of −6.00 or more.
Refractive surgery is an optional eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses.This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea (keratomileusis), lens implantation or lens replacement.
Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]
LASIK or Lasik (/ ˈ l eɪ s ɪ k /; "laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis"), commonly referred to as laser eye surgery or laser vision correction, is a type of refractive surgery for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. [1]
For extreme nearsightedness, the eyes appear small and sunken into the face, and the sides of the skull can be visible through the lens. This gives the wearer the appearance of having a very large or fat head in contrast with their eyes. For extreme farsightedness the eyes appear very large on the face, making the wearer's head seem too small.
The condition of posterior staphyloma in high myopia was first described by Scarpa in the 1800s. [6] Speculation about reinforcement of the eye began in the 19th century, when Rubin noted that sclera reinforcement “is probably the only one of all the surgical techniques [for myopia] which attempts to correct a cause, rather than an effect”. [7]