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The relationship between poverty reduction and differing levels of welfare expense as a percentage of GDP [1] The effects of social welfare on poverty have been the subject of various studies. [1] Studies have shown that in welfare states, poverty decreases after countries adopt welfare programs. [2]
The Great Recession also caused a drop of 36% in median household wealth, but a drop of only 11% for the top 1%, further widening the gap between the top 1% and the bottom 99%. [ 16 ] [ 15 ] [ 17 ] According to PolitiFact and other sources, in 2011, the 400 wealthiest Americans had more wealth than half of all Americans combined.
Economic inequality is an umbrella term for a) income inequality or distribution of income (how the total sum of money paid to people is distributed among them), b) wealth inequality or distribution of wealth (how the total sum of wealth owned by people is distributed among the owners), and c) consumption inequality (how the total sum of money spent by people is distributed among the spenders).
In Rajan's view the main cause of the increasing gap between high income and low income earners was lack of equal access to higher education for the latter. [328] Several studies have found a relationship between poverty reduction and good governance. A number of articles have found linkages between poverty reduction and good governance. [329]
Piketty and Saez (2014) note that there are important differences between income and wealth inequality dynamics. First, wealth concentration is always much higher than income concentration. The top 10 percent of wealth share typically falls in the 60 to 90 percent range of all wealth, whereas the top 10 percent income share is in the 30 to 50 ...
Meanwhile, the bottom 40% of earners saw their share of the country’s wealth shrink to 6.7% from 7% over the same time frame. These figures provide fodder for the idea that the rich get richer ...
[111] [112] [113] The effect of economic growth on poverty reduction – the growth elasticity of poverty – can depend on the existing level of inequality. [ 114 ] [ 115 ] For instance, with low inequality a country with a growth rate of 2% per head and 40% of its population living in poverty, can halve poverty in ten years, but a country ...
Additionally, an alternate theory relies on literacy and the gap between Protestants and Catholics as an explanation for the difference in economic results. [ 2 ] The economist Paul Krugman remarked in "The Trouble with History", an article published on his MIT-hosted blog, that the book, while containing an enormous amount of information ...