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Clostridioides difficile toxin B (TcdB) is a cytotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile. It is one of two major kinds of toxins produced by C. difficile , the other being a related enterotoxin ( Toxin A ).
Clostridioides difficile toxin A (TcdA) is a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile, formerly known as Clostridium difficile. [1] It is similar to Clostridioides difficile Toxin B . The toxins are the main virulence factors produced by the gram positive , anaerobic, [ 2 ] Clostridioides difficile bacteria.
The most well-characterized are enterotoxin (Clostridium difficile toxin A) and cytotoxin (Clostridium difficile toxin B), both of which may produce diarrhea and inflammation in infected people, although their relative contributions have been debated. [20] Toxins A and B are glucosyltransferases that target and inactivate the Rho family of GTPases.
C. difficile is catalase- and superoxide dismutase-negative, and produces up to three types of toxins: enterotoxin A, cytotoxin B and Clostridioides difficile transferase. [7] Under stress conditions, the bacteria produce spores that are able to tolerate extreme conditions that the active bacteria cannot tolerate. [8]
Reineke et al. (2007) present an integrated model for the uptake and inositol phosphate-induced activation of toxin B. [4] Clostridioides difficile infection, caused by the actions of the homologous toxins TcdA and TcdB on colonic epithelial cells is due to binding to target cells which triggers toxin internalization into acidified vesicles ...
Pfizer Inc (NYSE: PFE) announced data from the CLOVER Phase 3 trial evaluating Clostridioides difficile vaccine candidate to prevent C. difficile infection (CDI). Initial analyses of two secondary ...
Bezlotoxumab, sold under the brand name Zinplava, is a human monoclonal antibody designed for the prevention of recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infections. [3] [4] Bezlotoxumab binds to Clostridioides difficile toxin B. [3]
Toxin A and toxin B are two toxins produced by Clostridioides difficile. Toxin A and toxin B are glycosyltransferases that cause the antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis and severe diarrhea that characterize disease presentation of C. diff infections. [7]
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