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DU145, PC3, and LNCaP are considered to be the standard prostate cancer cell lines used in therapeutic research. [ 1 ] The DU145 cell line was derived from a central nervous system metastasis , of primary prostate adenocarcinoma origin, removed during a parieto-occipital craniotomy of a 69-year-old, White, male.
The PI3K pathway is a major source of drug resistance in prostate cancer. This is particularly true in castration-resistant prostate cancer, where tumours become resistant to androgen-deprivation therapy, which block the tumours ability to utilise the hormone androgen to grow. [17]
Eventually cancer cells can grow resistant to this treatment. This most-advanced stage of the disease, called castration-resistant prostate cancer, is treated with continued hormone therapy alongside the chemotherapy drug docetaxel. Some tumors metastasize (spread) to other areas of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes.
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common form of non-cutaneous malignant cancer in males, and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in males. [12] PC3 cells have been utilized to research aggressive and castration-resistant forms of prostate cancer.
Lutetium (177 Lu) vipivotide tetraxetan, sold under the brand name Pluvicto, is a radiopharmaceutical medication used for the treatment of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). [5] [6] Lutetium (177 Lu) vipivotide tetraxetan is a targeted radioligand therapy. [6] [8]
[citation needed] Radiotherapy uses ionizing radiation to kill prostate cancer cells. When absorbed in tissue, ionizing radiation such as gamma and x-rays damage the DNA in cancer cells, which increases the probability of apoptosis (cell death). Normal cells are able to repair radiation damage, while cancer cells are not.
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