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The National Anthem of India is titled "Jana Gana Mana". The song was originally composed in Bengali by India's first Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore on 11 December 1911. [11] [12] [13] The parent song, 'Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata' is a Brahmo hymn that has five verses of which only the first verse was adopted as the national anthem.
The poem was first sung on the second day of the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta on 27 December 1911. The song was performed by Sarala Devi Chowdhurani, Tagore's niece, along with a group of school students, in front of prominent Congress Members like Bishan Narayan Dhar, Indian National Congress President and Ambika Charan Majumdar.
The translation, Shubh Sukh Chain, was written by Captain Abid Hasan Safrani, and its score composed by Captain Ram Singh Thakuri. [3] It took Vande Mataram's place as the official national anthem of the Provisional Government, and was sung at all meetings, including at the final assembly before Bose's departure. [5]
Here is the translation in prose of the above two stanzas rendered by Sri Aurobindo Ghosh. This has also been adopted by the Government of India's national portal. [11] The original Vande Mataram consists of six stanzas and the translation in prose for the complete poem by Shri Aurobindo appeared in Karmayogin, 20 November 1909. [34]
The first stanza of the song was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the national anthem on 24 January 1950. [5] The national anthem is played in approximately 52 seconds. [1] [5] National song: Vande Mataram [30] ("Mother, I bow to thee!") [31] 24 January 1950 (Dominion of India) [1] 26 January 1950 (Republic of India) [10]
The national anthem of India, "Jana Gana Mana": the official lyrics are in Bengali; they were adapted from a poem written by Rabindranath Tagore. Despite the most common language in Wales being English, the unofficial national anthem of Wales, "Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau" is sung in the Welsh language.
Muhammad Iqbal, then president of the Muslim League in 1930 and address deliverer "Sare Jahan se Accha" (Urdu: سارے جہاں سے اچھا; Sāre Jahāṉ se Acchā), formally known as "Tarānah-e-Hindi" (Urdu: ترانۂ ہندی, "Anthem of the People of Hindustan"), is an Urdu language patriotic song for children written by poet Allama Muhammad Iqbal in the ghazal style of Urdu poetry.
Following the independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India on 26 January 1950, the day India became a republic. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In the national emblem of India , it is inscribed in the Devanagari script below the Lion Capital of Ashoka and forms an integral part of the emblem.