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KUB is typically used to investigate gastrointestinal conditions such as a bowel obstruction and gallstones, and can detect the presence of kidney stones. The KUB is often used to diagnose constipation as stool can be seen readily. The KUB is also used to assess positioning of indwelling devices such as ureteric stents and nasogastric tubes.
Patients with a kidney stone and obstruction are usually required to stay in hospital for monitoring or further treatment. An Emergency IVP is carried out roughly as follows: plain KUB or abdominal X-ray; an injection of contrast media, typically 50 ml; delayed abdominal X-ray, taken at roughly 15 minutes post injection.
Figure 18. Renal stone located at the pyeloureteric junction with accompanying hydronephrosis. [1] With US, larger stones (>5–7 mm) within the kidney, i.e., in the calyces, the pelvis and the pyeloureteric junction, can be differentiated, especially in the cases with accompanying hydronephrosis (Figure 18 and Figure 19).
Kidney stones are caused by high levels of the minerals calcium, oxalate, and phosphorus in urine. These minerals are normally found in urine and do not cause problems at low levels.
To monitor a kidney transplant. [1] The symptoms that a person may experience that cause the test to be requested may be blood in the urine, abdominal pain, abnormal kidney function tests, and frequent urinary tract infections (of which symptoms may include the need to pass urine frequently, pain on urination, and worsening urinary incontinence ...
If a kidney stone is suspected (e.g. on the basis of characteristic colicky pain or the presence of a disproportionate amount of blood in the urine), a kidneys, ureters, and bladder x-ray (KUB film) may assist in identifying radioopaque stones. [9]
Ultrasound imaging is useful for detecting stones, for example kidney stones or gallstones, because they create a clearly visible ultrasound shadow behind the stone. [ citation needed ] Ultrasonography can be used to guide procedures such as treatment for kidney stones with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy , needle biopsies or paracentesis ...
Treatments depend on the patient, the type of kidney stone and several other factors. These include: Surgical intervention. Some patients may need surgery to remove kidney stones or to help them pass.