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Compound verbs, a highly visible feature of Hindi–Urdu grammar, consist of a verbal stem plus a light verb. The light verb (also called "subsidiary", "explicator verb", and "vector" [ 55 ] ) loses its own independent meaning and instead "lends a certain shade of meaning" [ 56 ] to the main or stem verb, which "comprises the lexical core of ...
Apabhraṃśa (Sanskrit: अपभ्रंश, IPA: [ɐpɐbʱrɐ̃ˈɕɐ], Prakrit: अवहंस Avahaṃsa) is a term used by vaiyākaraṇāḥ (native grammarians) since Patañjali to refer to languages spoken in North India before the rise of the modern languages.
Located in the Hindi Belt, the Central Zone includes the Dehlavi (Delhi) dialect (one of several called 'Khariboli') of the Hindustani language, the lingua franca of Northern India that is the basis of the Modern Standard Hindi and Standard Urdu literary standards. In regards to the Indo-Aryan language family, the coherence of this language ...
Haryanvi (हरियाणवी or हरयाणवी), also called Bangru and Jatu, [2] [3] is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the Indian state of Haryana and the territory of Delhi. [4] Haryanvi is considered to be part of the dialect group of Western Hindi, which also includes Khariboli and Braj. It is written in the ...
Standard Hindi (also High Hindi, Manak Hindi) is the language of the government and is one of the official languages of India, Standard Urdu is the state language and national language of Pakistan, Dakhini is the historical literary dialect of the Deccan region, and Rekhta the "mixed" Hindustani of medieval poetry. [12]
Suckley’s cuckoo bumble bee may be classified as endangered under the Endangered Species Act after a recommendation from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This social parasite is native to 15 ...
Hindustani is extremely rich in complex verbs formed by the combinations of noun/adjective and a verb. Complex verbs are of two types: transitive and intransitive. [3]The transitive verbs are obtained by combining nouns/adjectives with verbs such as karnā 'to do', lenā 'to take', denā 'to give', jītnā 'to win' etc.
In these cities, the language continued to be called "Hindi" as well as "Urdu". [27] [21] While Urdu retained the grammar and core vocabulary of the local Hindi dialect, it adopted the Nastaleeq writing system from Persian. [21] [28] The term Hindustani is derived from Hindustan, the Persian-origin name for the northwestern Indian subcontinent.