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Cost of poor quality (COPQ) or poor quality costs (PQC) or cost of nonquality, are costs that would disappear if systems, processes, and products were perfect. COPQ was popularized by IBM quality expert H. James Harrington in his 1987 book Poor-Quality Cost. [1] COPQ is a refinement of the concept of quality costs.
Besides differences in the schema, there are several other differences between the earlier Office XML schema formats and Office Open XML. Whereas the data in Office Open XML documents is stored in multiple parts and compressed in a ZIP file conforming to the Open Packaging Conventions, Microsoft Office XML formats are stored as plain single monolithic XML files (making them quite large ...
In process improvement efforts, quality costs tite or cost of quality (sometimes abbreviated CoQ or COQ [1]) is a means to quantify the total cost of quality-related efforts and deficiencies. It was first described by Armand V. Feigenbaum in a 1956 Harvard Business Review article.
Was one of the big three spreadsheets (the others being Lotus 123 and Excel). EasyOffice EasySpreadsheet – for MS Windows. No longer freeware, this suite aims to be more user friendly than competitors. Framework – for MS Windows. Historical office suite still available and supported. It includes a spreadsheet.
Microsoft Excel 4/5/95 XLS, XLW, XLT Spreadsheet Yes Up to 3.6 [78] Microsoft Excel 97–2003 XLS, XLW, XLT Spreadsheet Yes Yes Microsoft Excel 2007-2021 XLSX Spreadsheet Yes Yes Microsoft Excel Web Query File IQY Data sources, text From 5.4 [79] Microsoft Office 2007-2021 Office Open XML: DOCX, XLSX, PPTX Multiple formats Yes Yes Microsoft ...
A backup of an Excel Spreadsheet Add-in (DLL) .xll: Adds custom functionality; written in C++/C, Fortran, etc. and compiled into a special dynamic-link library: Macro .xlm: A macro is created by the user or pre-installed with Excel. Template .xlt: A pre-formatted spreadsheet created by the user or by Microsoft Excel. Module .xlv
A cost estimate is the approximation of the cost of a program, project, or operation. The cost estimate is the product of the cost estimating process. The cost estimate has a single total value and may have identifiable component values. A problem with a cost overrun can be avoided with a credible, reliable, and accurate cost estimate. A cost ...
Quality, cost, delivery (QCD), sometimes expanded to quality, cost, delivery, morale, safety (QCDMS), [1] is a management approach originally developed by the British automotive industry. [2] QCD assess different components of the production process and provides feedback in the form of facts and figures that help managers make logical decisions.