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Project Event Achievements 1982 TeX: Originally written by Donald Knuth in 1978, the new version of TeX was rewritten from scratch and was published in 1982. [2] One of the longest continuously-developed open source projects 1983, September GNU Project: Announced by Richard Stallman on Usenet as a project to create a "Free Unix" [3]
The origins and development of most aspects of the GNU Project (and free software in general) are shared in a detailed narrative in the Emacs help system. (C-h g runs the Emacs editor command describe-gnu-project.) It is the same detailed history as at their web site.
Stallman also published the GNU Manifesto in 1985 to outline the GNU Project's purpose and explain the importance of free software. Another probable inspiration for the GNU project and its manifesto was a disagreement between Stallman and Symbolics , Inc. over MIT's access to updates Symbolics had made to its Lisp machine, which was based on ...
The SELinux project at the United States National Security Agency is an example of a federally funded free-software project. Proprietary software, on the other hand, tends to use a different business model, where a customer of the proprietary application pays a fee for a license to legally access and use it.
Linus Torvalds in 2002. In 1991, while studying computer science at University of Helsinki, Linus Torvalds began a project that later became the Linux kernel.He wrote the program specifically for the hardware he was using and independent of an operating system because he wanted to use the functions of his new PC with an 80386 processor.
Stallman launched the GNU Project, founded the Free Software Foundation (FSF) in October 1985, [2] developed the GNU Compiler Collection and GNU Emacs, and wrote all versions of the GNU General Public License. Stallman launched the GNU Project in September 1983 to write a Unix-like computer operating system composed entirely of free software. [3]
[1] [2] Software which meets these requirements, The Four Essential Freedoms of Free Software, is termed free software. Although drawing on traditions and philosophies among members of the 1970s hacker culture and academia, Richard Stallman formally founded the movement [3] in 1983 by launching the GNU Project. [4]
GNU Hurd is a collection of microkernel servers written as part of GNU, for the GNU Mach microkernel. It has been under development since 1990 by the GNU Project of the Free Software Foundation, designed as a replacement for the Unix kernel, [4] and released as free software under the GNU General Public License.